मेघदूतम् · कालिदास · 2.36

यक्षवधू · the thigh that remembers

वामश्चास्याः कररुहपदैर्मुच्यमानो मदीयैः

वा
म
श्चा
स्याः
क
र
रु
ह
प
दै
र्मु
च्य
मा
नो
म
दी
यैः

मुक्ताजालं चिरपरिचितं त्याजितो दैवगत्या

मु
क्ता
जा
लं
चि
र
प
रि
चि
तं
त्या
जि
तो
दै
व
ग
त्या

संभोगान्ते मम समुचितो हस्तसंवाहनानां

सं
भो
गा
न्ते
म
म
स
मु
चि
तो
ह
स्त
सं
वा
ह
ना
नां

यास्यत्यूरुः सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरश्चलत्वम्

या
स्य
त्यू
रुः
स
र
स
क
द
ली
स्त
म्भ
गौ
र
श्च
ल
त्वम्

pāda a

  • वाguruits long vowel आ
  • मguruthe conjunct श्च that follows it
  • श्चाguruits long vowel आ
  • स्याःguruthe visarga it carries
  • कlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • रlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • रुlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • हlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • पlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • दैguruits long vowel ऐ
  • र्मुguruthe conjunct च्य that follows it
  • च्यlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • माguruits long vowel आ
  • नोguruits long vowel ओ
  • मlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • दीguruits long vowel ई
  • यैःguruthe visarga it carries
  • yati after 4 — a word ends here — वामश्चास्याः
  • yati after 10 — it falls inside the compound कररुहपदैः

pāda b

  • मुguruthe conjunct क्त that follows it
  • क्ताguruits long vowel आ
  • जाguruits long vowel आ
  • लंguruthe anusvāra it carries
  • चिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • रlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • पlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • रिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • चिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • तंguruthe anusvāra it carries
  • त्याguruits long vowel आ
  • जिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • तोguruits long vowel ओ
  • दैguruits long vowel ऐ
  • वlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • गguruthe conjunct त्य that follows it
  • त्याguruits long vowel आ
  • yati after 4 — a word ends here — मुक्ताजालं
  • yati after 10 — a word ends here — चिरपरिचितं

pāda c

  • संguruthe anusvāra it carries
  • भोguruits long vowel ओ
  • गाguruits long vowel आ
  • न्तेguruits long vowel ए
  • मlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • मlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • सlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • मुlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • चिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • तोguruits long vowel ओ
  • हguruthe conjunct स्त that follows it
  • स्तlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • संguruthe anusvāra it carries
  • वाguruits long vowel आ
  • हlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • नाguruits long vowel आ
  • नांguruthe anusvāra it carries
  • yati after 4 — a word ends here — संभोगान्ते
  • yati after 10 — a word ends here — समुचितो

pāda d

  • याguruits long vowel आ
  • स्यguruthe conjunct त्य that follows it
  • त्यूguruits long vowel ऊ
  • रुःguruthe visarga it carries
  • सlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • रlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • सlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • कlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • दlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • लीguruits long vowel ई
  • स्तguruthe conjunct म्भ that follows it
  • म्भlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • गौguruits long vowel औ
  • रguruthe conjunct श्च that follows it
  • श्चlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • लguruthe conjunct त्व्म that follows it
  • त्वम्guruthe end of the pāda, which counts the last syllable heavy
  • yati after 4 — a word ends here — यास्यत्यूरुः
  • yati after 10 — a compound member ends here, inside सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरः
  • वामः + च → वामश्चास्याः

    ः + च्

  • च + अस्याः → वामश्चास्याः

    अ + अ → आ

  • कररुहपदैः + मुच्यमानः → कररुहपदैर्मुच्यमानो

    ः + म्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • मुक्ताजालम् + चिरपरिचितम् → मुक्ताजालं

    म् + च्

  • चिरपरिचितम् + त्याजितः → चिरपरिचितं

    म् + त्

  • त्याजितः + दैवगत्या → त्याजितो

    ः + द्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • समुचितः + हस्तसंवाहनानाम् → समुचितो

    ः + ह्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • हस्तसंवाहनानाम् + यास्यति → हस्तसंवाहनानां

    म् + य्

  • यास्यति + ऊरुः → यास्यत्यूरुः

    इ + ऊ

  • सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरः + चलत्वम् → सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरश्चलत्वम्

    ः + च्

  • कररुह + पद → कररुहपदैः

    अ + प्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • मुक्ता + जाल → मुक्ताजालम्

    आ + ज्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • चिर + परिचित → चिरपरिचितम्

    अ + प्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • दैव + गति → दैवगत्या

    अ + ग्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • संभोग + अन्त → संभोगान्ते

    अ + अ → आ · falls inside the syllable गा

  • हस्त + संवाहन → हस्तसंवाहनानाम्

    अ + स्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • सरस + कदली → सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरः

    अ + क्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • कदली + स्तम्भ → सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरः

    ई + स्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • स्तम्भ + गौर → सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरः

    अ + ग्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

Twice a visarga becomes श् before the च् of च: वामः + च gives वामश्च and गौरः + चलत्वम् gives गौरश्चलत्वम्, by Pāṇini 8.3.34 विसर्जनीयस्य सः and 8.4.40 स्तोः श्चुना श्चुः. च + अस्याः lengthens to आ by 6.1.101 अकः सवर्णे दीर्घः — चास्याः. कररुहपदैः + मुच्यमानः stands as र् before the voiced म् by 8.2.66 ससजुषो रुः — कररुहपदैर्मुच्यमानो — while a final अः makes ओ before a voiced sound by 6.1.113 अतो रोरप्लुतादप्लुते, three times: मुच्यमानो मदीयैः, त्याजितो दैवगत्या, समुचितो हस्त. यास्यति + ऊरुः turns the इ to य् before the vowel by 6.1.77 इको यणचि — यास्यत्यूरुः — and a word-final म् becomes anusvāra before a consonant by 8.3.23 मोऽनुस्वारः: मुक्ताजालं चिरपरिचितं, चिरपरिचितं त्याजितो. The visarga of अस्याः and ऊरुः stands before the voiceless क् and स् of कररुहपदैः and सरस.

  • Chinnaya Sūri, Bālavyākaraṇam — సంధిపరిచ్ఛేదము; vendor/balavyakaranam-sandhi.txt
  • वामः प्रथमा · nominative — कर्ता, the agent

  • अस्याः षष्ठी · genitive — सम्बन्ध, a relation to another word

  • कररुहपदैः तृतीया · instrumental — करण, the instrument or cause

  • मुच्यमानः प्रथमा · nominative — a present participle in शानच् on the passive stem

    मुच्यमानः, 'being let go of', is a present participle on the passive stem मुच्य- of √मुच् — so the thigh is what the marks are leaving, not what is leaving them. The affix is शानच्, put where the middle/passive present ending would go, by Pāṇini 3.2.124 लटः शतृशानचौ, the same sūtra whose other affix शतृ made the active participles of the run (यापयन्तीम्, छादयन्तीम्). It is the first शानच् participle in this passage: every earlier miss of DCS's single tag `f=part` was a शतृ drafted as a past क्त, and this is a third kind of participle the one tag has to cover. Mallinātha glosses परिहीयमाणः and then flat, नखाङ्करहित इत्यर्थः, meaning without nail-marks.

    • Aṣṭādhyāyī — 3.2.124 लटः शतृशानचौ
    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 2.36: mucyamānaḥ parihīyamāṇaḥ | nakhāṅkarahita ityarthaḥ
  • मदीयैः तृतीया · instrumental — करण, the instrument or cause

  • मुक्ताजालम् द्वितीया · accusative — कर्म, the object

    with चिरपरिचितम्

  • त्याजितः प्रथमा · nominative — a causative past participle, कर्मकर्तृ and two-object at once

    त्याजितः, 'made to give up', is the past participle of the causative of √त्यज्, agreeing with ऊरुः — so the thigh is what was made to give the pearls up. Mallinātha names the category and the rules. It is a कर्मकर्तृ construction, where the thing acted on is spoken of as the agent — त्यजतेर्ण्यन्तात्कर्मकर्तरि क्तः — licensed by Pāṇini 3.1.87 कर्मवत्कर्मणा तुल्यक्रियः, which lets the object be treated like the agent when it undergoes the action of itself. And the causative takes two objects: “द्विकर्मसु पचादीनां चोपसंख्यानमिष्यते” इति पचादित्वाद्द्विकर्मकत्वम्, √त्यज् belonging to the पच् class and so taking two — the thigh and the pearl-net both. That is the same supplementary line Mallinātha cited at 2.33 for मोचयिष्यति, quoted in slightly different words.

    • Aṣṭādhyāyī — 3.1.87 कर्मवत्कर्मणा तुल्यक्रियः; द्विकर्मसु पचादीनाम् (vārttika)
    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 2.36: tyajater ṇyantāt karmakartari ktaḥ | “dvikarmasu pacādīnāṃ copasaṃkhyānam iṣyate” iti pacāditvād dvikarmakatvam
  • दैवगत्या तृतीया · instrumental — करण, the instrument or cause

  • संभोगान्ते सप्तमी · locative — अधिकरण, the location

  • मम षष्ठी · genitive — सम्बन्ध, a relation to another word

  • समुचितः प्रथमा · nominative — कर्ता, the agent

  • हस्तसंवाहनानाम् षष्ठी · genitive — सम्बन्ध, a relation to another word

  • ऊरुः प्रथमा · nominative — कर्ता, the agent

    with सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरः

  • चलत्वम् द्वितीया · accusative — an abstract noun in the taddhita त्व

    चलत्वम्, 'a trembling', is literally 'the being-unsteady of it' — चल, moving or unsteady, with the affix त्व, which makes an abstract noun (a -ness) out of an adjective or noun by Pāṇini 5.1.119 तस्य भावस्त्वतलौ (which offers त्व and तल्). Mallinātha glosses it स्पन्दनम्, throbbing — the very noun the Nimittanidāna verse uses for the omen. The stanza ends on this abstraction where 2.35 ended on a picture: there the eye came to match a lotus, here the thigh simply arrives at unsteadiness, and the flatness is what makes it read as an omen rather than a simile.

    • Aṣṭādhyāyī — 5.1.119 तस्य भावस्त्वतलौ
    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 2.36: calatvaṃ spandanaṃ yāsyati prāpsyate

प्रकरण 1 · हलन्त्यम्

प्रकरण 2 · इको यणचि

प्रकरण 3 · स्तोः श्चुना श्चुः

प्रकरण 4 · वा शरि

  • ससजुषो रुः 8.2.66← वामः; अस्याः; कररुहपदैः; मुच्यमानः; मदीयैः; त्याजितः; समुचितः; ऊरुः; सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरः

प्रकरण 5 · अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम्

प्रकरण 6 · औङ आपः

प्रकरण 7 · अतोऽम्

प्रकरण 11 · स्वरादिनिपातमव्ययम्

प्रकरण 12 · लः कर्मणि च भावे चाकर्मकेभ्यः

प्रकरण 22 · स्वतन्त्रः कर्ता

प्रकरण 34 · ण्वुल्तृचौ

प्रकरण 60 · स्त्रियाम्

not in the abridgement

  • अ अ 8.4.68← चिरपरिचितम्; त्याजितः; यास्यति

कररुहपदैः

कररुह · पद

  1. कररुहाणां पदानि, तैः

    तत्पुरुष (genitive) — the marks left by the nails

तत्पुरुष. the marks of nails — कररुह is *what grows on the hand*, and Mallinātha quotes Amara for it: पुनर्भवः कररुहो नखोऽस्त्री नखरोऽस्त्रियाम्, four words for a nail. He glosses the compound नखपदैः and then says what such marks are doing on a thigh, out of the Ratirahasya: **ऊर्वोर्नखपदास्पदत्वं तु रतिरहस्ये** — that the thighs are a place for nail-marks is in the Ratirahasya, which he then quotes listing the eight places. **So the compound is read out of a manual**, as her teeth were at 2.22 out of the Sāmudrika and her eye at 2.35 out of the Nimittanidāna

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, who glosses मदीयैः कररुहपदैर्नखपदैः, cites “पुनर्भवः कररुहो नखोऽस्त्री नखरोऽस्त्रियाम्” इत्यमरः and quotes the Ratirahasya for the places of nail-marks; DCS gives the members as कररुह and पद“madīyaiḥ kararuhapadair nakhapadaiḥ … ūrvor nakhapadāspadatvaṃ tu ratirahasye”

मुक्ताजालम्

मुक्ता · जाल

  1. मुक्तानां जालम्

    तत्पुरुष (genitive) — a net of pearls

तत्पुरुष. the string of pearls — Mallinātha says what kind of ornament: मौक्तिकसरमयं कटिभूषणम्, a waist-ornament made of strands of pearl. **And then why it was worn**, which is the whole of what the verse leaves out: सम्प्रति नखपदोष्माभावेन शीतोपचारस्य तस्य वैयर्थ्यादिति भावः — now, with no heat of nail-marks, that cooling remedy is pointless. Pearls were worn on the thigh to cool the burning where the nails had gone in; there are no marks; so the pearls have been given up. **The commentary supplies the entire causal chain and the verse states only its two ends.** जाल is the same word as at 2.30, where DCS read जल for the lattice of a window

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, who glosses मुक्ताजालं मौक्तिकसरमयं कटिभूषणम् and adds सम्प्रति नखपदोष्माभावेन शीतोपचारस्य तस्य वैयर्थ्यादिति भावः; DCS gives the members as मुक्ता and जाल“muktājālaṃ mauktikasaramayaṃ kaṭibhūṣaṇaṃ daivagatyā daivavaśena tyājitaḥ | samprati nakhapadoṣmābhāvena śītopacārasya tasya vaiyarthyād iti bhāvaḥ”

चिरपरिचितम्

चिर · परिचित

  1. चिरं परिचितम्

    तत्पुरुष (accusative) — grown familiar over a long time

तत्पुरुष — it agrees with मुक्ताजालम्. long used to it — Mallinātha glosses चिराभ्यस्तम्, long practised. **The word is doing the work of the loss.** A thing worn every day for years is not an ornament by then but a habit, and चिर in front of the participle is what makes the giving-up a deprivation rather than a change of dress

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, who glosses चिरपरिचितं चिराभ्यस्तम्; DCS gives the members as चिर and परिचि, marking the second a participle“ciraparicitaṃ cirābhyastaṃ muktājālam”

दैवगत्या

दैव · गति

  1. दैवस्य गतिः, तया

    तत्पुरुष (genitive) — the way fate went

तत्पुरुष. by the turn of fate — Mallinātha glosses दैववशेन, by the power of destiny. **It is the only word in these ten stanzas that names a cause outside the two of them**, and it is doing the work of the curse without naming it: the yakṣa will not say *because I was cursed*, and says *because fate went that way*

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, who glosses दैवगत्या दैववशेन; DCS gives the members as दैव and गति. That the compound stands in place of naming the curse is the reader's“daivagatyā daivavaśena tyājitaḥ”

संभोगान्ते

संभोग · अन्त

  1. संभोगस्य अन्तः, तस्मिन्

    तत्पुरुष (genitive) — the end of their being together

तत्पुरुष. when the love-making was over — a locative of time, and the third compound in the canto on संभोग after मत्संभोगः at 2.31. **What it fixes is a moment and not a season**: not *in those days* but *at the end of it*, when a body wants kneading. The word अन्त has stood at 2.32 too, of the end of the curse, so the poem's two ends are three stanzas apart and one of them is what the other will restore

uncheckedDCS gives the members as संभोग and अन्त; Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī carries संभोगान्ते through unglossed. The vigraha and the comparison with 2.31 and 2.32 are the reader's

हस्तसंवाहनानाम्

हस्त · संवाहन

  1. हस्तेन संवाहनानि, तेषाम्

    तत्पुरुष (instrumental) — kneadings done with the hand

तत्पुरुष. the kneading of a hand — Mallinātha glosses हस्तेन मर्दनानाम् and quotes Amara for the noun, संवाहनं मर्दनं स्यात्. **The word is plural and the plural matters**: not one massage but the whole practice of them, which is what समुचितः, *entitled to*, needs. And it is in the sixth case, because समुचित governs a genitive — the thigh is *fit for* the kneadings, and the case says so where an English *deserves* would not

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, who glosses हस्तसंवाहनानां हस्तेन मर्दनानाम् and cites “संवाहनं मर्दनं स्यात्” इत्यमरः; DCS does not tag this word at all — its token here carries the surface hastasaMvAhamAnAm and the analysis of यास्यति“mama hastasaṃvāhanānāṃ hastena mardanānām || “saṃvāhanaṃ mardanaṃ syāt” ity amaraḥ”

सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरः

सरस · कदली · स्तम्भ · गौर

  1. कदल्याः स्तम्भः

    तत्पुरुष (genitive) — the stem of a plantain

  2. सरसः कदलीस्तम्भः

    कर्मधारय — a plantain stem full of sap

  3. सरसकदलीस्तम्भः इव गौरः

    कर्मधारय — pale as a sap-full plantain stem

कर्मधारय — it agrees with ऊरुः. pale as the stem of a fresh plantain — **and Mallinātha argues for the first member rather than glossing it.** सरसो रसार्द्रः परिपक्वो न शुष्कश्च स एव विवक्षितः । तत्रैव पाण्डिमसम्भवात् — *sarasa* means wet with sap, ripe and not dried out, and that is what is meant, **because the pallor is only possible in such a one**. A dried plantain stem is brown; only the living one is that particular white. So the epithet is not decoration but the condition of the comparison working at all. For गौर itself he cites a lexicon under a name the run cannot resolve: “गौरः करीरे सिद्धार्थे शुके पीतेऽरुणेऽपि च” इति मालतीमालायाम्, where the word covers a pale yellow and a pale red as well as white

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, who argues सरसो रसार्द्रः परिपक्वो न शुष्कश्च स एव विवक्षितः । तत्रैव पाण्डिमसम्भवात्, unpacks स चासौ कदलीस्तम्भश्च स एव गौरः पाण्डुरः, and cites “गौरः करीरे सिद्धार्थे शुके पीतेऽरुणेऽपि च” इति मालतीमालायाम् — a title the run cannot resolve to a work in this repository; DCS gives the members as सरस, कदली and स्तम्भ with गौर as the head, and lemmatises कदली as कदल“saraso rasārdraḥ paripakvo na śuṣkaś ca sa eva vivakṣitaḥ | tatraiva pāṇḍimasambhavāt”

  • a-stem masculine, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    वामः

    printed वामश्चास्याः

    वाम

    the left — agreeing with ऊरुः at the far end of the stanza. **One stanza ago the commentary had to supply this word**: at 2.35 the poem said only नयनम्, the eye, and Mallinātha wrote in वाममिति शेषः with a verse of authority behind it, that for a woman the left side is the auspicious one. Here the poet says वामः himself, of the thigh, and the omen is the same kind — so the supplied word at 2.35 is confirmed by the printed word at 2.36. The visarga becomes श् before the च् of च, by Pāṇini 8.3.34 विसर्जनीयस्य सः and 8.4.40 स्तोः श्चुना श्चुः

    And the left is the thing 2.35 could not say. There the poem wrote only नयनम् and Mallinātha had to supply वामम् out of a verse about which side is auspicious for a woman. Here the poet writes वामः himself, in the stanza's first word, of the thigh. The supplied word at 2.35 is confirmed by the printed word at 2.36, and the च joining them says the two signs are one thought — read together, an eye and a thigh both throbbing on the fortunate side, both about the same coming.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 2.36: asyāḥ priyāyā vāma ūruḥ
  • अव्यय

    च

    printed वामश्चास्याः

    च

    and — joining this omen to the one in 2.35, which is why the two stanzas have to be read together. Without it the thigh would be a fresh subject; with it, it is a second sign

  • pronoun, षष्ठी एकवचन genitive singular

    अस्याः

    printed वामश्चास्याः

    इदम्

    of this one — Mallinātha glosses अस्याः प्रियायाः, of this beloved. **इदम् is the near demonstrative**, the one for what is at hand, and the woman is a continent away; the speaker uses it because he has been looking at her for ten stanzas. It is the first इदम् for her in the passage, which has otherwise used तद्ता throughout

  • a-stem neuter, तृतीया बहुवचन instrumental plural

    कररुहपदैः

    printed कररुहपदैर्मुच्यमानो

    पद

    the marks — an instrumental with a participle of separation, which is the case a thing parted from stands in when the verb is one of losing. पद is a footprint before it is a mark, so what the nails left is read as a track

  • √मुच् + शानच्, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    मुच्यमानः

    printed कररुहपदैर्मुच्यमानो

    मुच्यमान, from √मुच् in the passive with शानच्

    being let go of — a present participle on the passive stem मुच्य-, so the thigh is what the marks are leaving rather than what is leaving them. Mallinātha glosses परिहीयमाणः, being fallen away from, and then says it flat: नखाङ्करहित इत्यर्थः, meaning without nail-marks. **The affix is शानच्, by Pāṇini 3.2.124, and it is a third kind of participle under DCS's one tag `f=part`**: every earlier miss in this passage was a शतृ drafted as क्त, and this is the first शानच्

  • a-stem neuter, तृतीया बहुवचन instrumental plural

    मदीयैः

    मदीय

    mine — agreeing with कररुहपदैः across two words and a pāda-end, which is what the metre made him do. **It is the fifth first-person word in three stanzas** and the only possessive: 2.34 had मयि, अहम्, माम्, मया, and this is the adjective form, मद् with ईय. The marks are his, and saying so is the point: they are the record of a night, and they have faded

  • a-stem neuter, द्वितीया एकवचन accusative singular

    मुक्ताजालम्

    printed मुक्ताजालं

    जाल

    the pearl-net — the object of त्याजितः, and the second object at that, since the thigh is the first and has been made the subject. Mallinātha names it exactly: मौक्तिकसरमयं कटिभूषणम्, a waist-ornament of pearl strands. **जाल is a net or a lattice**, the same noun DCS misread as जल at 2.30, and here it is the mesh a girdle of pearls is

    The pearls have a reason and the verse does not give it. मुक्ताजाल is a girdle of pearl strands, and Mallinātha explains both why it was worn and why it has been put off: सम्प्रति नखपदोष्माभावेन शीतोपचारस्य तस्य वैयर्थ्यादिति भावः — now, with no heat of nail-marks, that cooling remedy has no point. Pearls are cold; scratches burn; there are no scratches. The commentary supplies a whole chain of cause and the stanza states only its two ends, and the nail-marks themselves he reads out of the Ratirahasya, which lists the thighs among the places for them. जाल here is a net — the same three letters DCS misread as जल at 2.30, and the pearl-mesh of a girdle.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 2.36: muktājālaṃ mauktikasaramayaṃ kaṭibhūṣaṇam | samprati nakhapadoṣmābhāvena śītopacārasya tasya vaiyarthyād iti bhāvaḥ
  • √चि + क्त, द्वितीया एकवचन accusative singular

    चिरपरिचितम्

    printed चिरपरिचितं

    परिचित, from √चि with परि and क्त

    grown familiar — the past participle of √चि, to gather, with परि: what has been *heaped up round* a thing is what one is used to. Mallinātha glosses चिराभ्यस्तम्, long practised. It agrees with मुक्ताजालम्, so it is the ornament that is familiar with her rather than she with it, which is the ordinary Sanskrit way round

  • √त्यज् + णिच् + क्त, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    त्याजितः

    printed त्याजितो

    त्याजित, from √त्यज् in णिच् with क्त

    made to give up — a past participle on the causative stem, agreeing with ऊरुः, so the thigh is what was made to give the pearls up. **Mallinātha names the category and the rule.** त्यजतेर्ण्यन्तात्कर्मकर्तरि क्तः: the क्त after the causative of √त्यज् in the कर्मकर्तृ sense, where the thing acted on is spoken of as the agent — Pāṇini 3.1.87 कर्मवत्कर्मणा तुल्यक्रियः. And the two objects: “द्विकर्मसु पचादीनां चोपसंख्यानमिष्यते” इति पचादित्वाद्द्विकर्मकत्वम्, √त्यज् belonging to the पच् class and so taking two. **That is the same supplementary line he cited at 2.33 for मोचयिष्यति, and he quotes it in different words here**

  • i-stem feminine, तृतीया एकवचन instrumental singular

    दैवगत्या

    गति

    by the going — गति is a way, a course, the path a thing takes; with दैव in front it is how destiny happened to move. Mallinātha glosses दैववशेन, by the power of fate, which flattens the word's motion into a force

  • a-stem masculine, सप्तमी एकवचन locative singular

    संभोगान्ते

    अन्त

    at the end — a locative of time, and the second अन्त in five stanzas: शापस्यान्ते at 2.32 is the end the whole poem waits for, and this is the end of an hour. **The two are the same word doing opposite work** — one closes a punishment and the other closes a pleasure — and between them they hold the poem's whole measure of time

  • pronoun, षष्ठी एकवचन genitive singular

    मम

    अस्मद्

    my — hanging on हस्तसंवाहनानाम्, so the kneadings are his. Mallinātha keeps it there, मम हस्तसंवाहनानाम्. **Two possessives in one stanza, both his** — मदीयैः of the nail-marks and मम of the kneadings — and the thing they are possessive about is what his hands used to do to this thigh

  • a-stem masculine, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    समुचितः

    printed समुचितो

    समुचित

    entitled to — Mallinātha glosses योग्यः, fit for, and the word governs the genitive in front of it, which is why हस्तसंवाहनानाम् is in the sixth case and not the fourth. **It is a claim and not a description**: the thigh is *owed* the kneading it is not getting, and the case ending is what carries the claim

  • a-stem neuter, षष्ठी बहुवचन genitive plural

    हस्तसंवाहनानाम्

    printed हस्तसंवाहनानां

    संवाहन

    the kneadings — Mallinātha glosses मर्दनानाम् and quotes Amara, संवाहनं मर्दनं स्यात्. **DCS has no token for this word at all.** Its tagging of the stanza runs one word out of step here: the token that carries this surface — misspelt `hastasaMvAhamAnAm`, with म for न — carries the *analysis of यास्यति*, and the next token, whose surface is `yAsyaty`, carries the analysis of ऊरुः. So the surfaces and the readings are crossed, and ऊरुः has no token

  • √या, class 2, लृट्, parasmaipada, third person singular

    यास्यति

    printed यास्यत्यूरुः

    √या of the second class

    will come to — the stanza's one finite verb, and the third future in four stanzas after मोचयिष्यति at 2.33 and एष्यति at 2.35. **All three predict what the cloud's arrival will bring about**, and all three are at the end of the verse. Mallinātha glosses प्राप्स्यते, will attain, which fixes यास्यति as *arriving at a state* rather than *going*, as तुलामेष्यति was at 2.35

    Every clause is a subtraction and the verb at the end is a promise. The nail-marks are going, मुच्यमानः; the pearls are gone, त्याजितः; the kneading is owed and not given, समुचितः. Then यास्यति, and the trembling is the omen that all three will be restored. Mallinātha names the book, the same one as one stanza ago: ऊरोः स्पन्दाद्रतं विद्याद् ऊर्वोः प्राप्तिं सुवाससः — from the throbbing of one thigh, know there will be love-making; from both, the getting of fine clothes. So the poem's two omens in two stanzas come out of one manual, the Nimittanidāna, and both are read off a limb quivering on the left.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 2.36: “ūroḥ spandād rataṃ vidyād ūrvoḥ prāptiṃ suvāsasaḥ” iti nimittanidāne
  • u-stem masculine, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    ऊरुः

    printed यास्यत्यूरुः

    ऊरु

    her thigh — the subject, and it does not arrive until the last pāda, after three lines of epithets have been waiting for it. **The throbbing is an omen and Mallinātha names the book**, the same one he used for her eye one stanza ago: “ऊरोः स्पन्दाद्रतं विद्यादूर्वोः प्राप्तिं सुवाससः” इति निमित्तनिदाने — from the throbbing of one thigh know there will be love-making, from both, the getting of fine clothes. So the left thigh alone means what the stanza wants it to mean

  • a-stem masculine, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरः

    printed सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरश्चलत्वम्

    गौर

    pale — Mallinātha glosses पाण्डुरः and cites a lexicon for the range of the word: गौर covers the colour of a caper-bud, of white mustard, of a parrot, and yellow and red besides. **So the word is not *white* but *the light end of a colour***, which is what a plantain stem is and what a thigh under a curse has become. The visarga becomes श् before the च् of चलत्वम्

    One epithet is argued for rather than glossed. सरस, of the plantain stem, Mallinātha will not let pass as decoration: सरसो रसार्द्रः परिपक्वो न शुष्कश्च स एव विवक्षितः — तत्रैव पाण्डिमसम्भवात् — it means full of sap, ripe and not dried, and that is what is meant, because the pallor is only possible in such a one. A dried stem is brown; only a sap-full one is pale. The comparison needs the freshness or it does not work, and he is the only one who says so. And गौर, he shows from a lexicon, is not 'white' but the light end of a range of colours — of a caper-bud, of white mustard, of a parrot, yellow and red besides — which is what a thigh drained by a curse has become.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 2.36: saraso rasārdraḥ paripakvo na śuṣkaś ca sa eva vivakṣitaḥ | tatraiva pāṇḍimasambhavāt
  • a-stem neuter, द्वितीया एकवचन accusative singular

    चलत्वम्

    printed सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरश्चलत्वम्

    चलत्व, from चल with the taddhita affix त्व

    a trembling — literally *the being-unsteady of it*, since त्व is the affix that makes an abstract noun out of an adjective, by Pāṇini 5.1.119 तस्य भावस्त्वतलौ. Mallinātha glosses it स्पन्दनम्, throbbing — the same noun the Nimittanidāna verse uses. **The stanza ends on an abstraction where 2.35 ended on a picture**: there the eye came to match a lotus, here the thigh simply *arrives at unsteadiness*, and the flatness is what makes it an omen rather than a simile

अस्याः · मदीयैः · कररुहपदैः · मुच्यमानः · चिरपरिचितम् · मुक्ताजालम् · दैवगत्या · त्याजितः · संभोगान्ते · मम · हस्तसंवाहनानाम् · समुचितः · सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरः · च · वामः · ऊरुः · चलत्वम् · यास्यति

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, whose commentary runs as anvaya. **Nothing has to be supplied**, which has not happened since 2.28: the stanza has its own subject, ऊरुः, and its own finite verb, यास्यति, and the four before it had neither. He does gloss the pronoun with प्रियायाः, but that is a gloss and not a word the sentence wants. What he moves is the whole frame: he takes मदीयैः to the front of the compound it governs, and holds अस्याः प्रियाया वाम ऊरुः back to the very end, so that everything the stanza says about the thigh is said before the thigh is named — which is the order the verse itself uses, one pāda later“madīyaiḥ kararuhapadair nakhapadaiḥ … mucyamānaḥ parihīyamāṇaḥ … ciraparicitaṃ cirābhyastaṃ muktājālaṃ … daivagatyā daivavaśena tyājitaḥ … sambhogānte mama hastasaṃvāhanānāṃ hastena mardanānām … samucito yogyaḥ … sa eva gauraḥ pāṇḍuraḥ … asyāḥ priyāyā vāma ūruś calatvaṃ spandanaṃ yāsyati prāpsyate”

the dependency structure

यास्यति · क्रिया — will come to, प्राप्स्यते; the stanza's one finite verb, and the third future in four stanzas after मोचयिष्यति at 2.33 and एष्यति at 2.35. All three predict what the cloud's arrival will bring about, and all three stand at the end of the verse; here the thing that arrives at a state is her thigh, and the state is a trembling

ऊरुः · कर्ता — her thigh; the subject, which does not arrive until the last pāda, after three lines of epithets have waited for it

वामः · agreeing with ऊरुः — the left; the word the poem had to have Mallinātha supply one stanza ago and prints itself here, the same auspicious side

च · — and; joining this omen to the eye's in 2.35, so the two stanzas are one thought and two signs

अस्याः · षष्ठी — of this one, अस्याः प्रियायाः; इदम्, the near demonstrative, for a woman a continent away — used because the speaker has been looking at her for ten stanzas

मुच्यमानः · agreeing with ऊरुः — being let go of, परिहीयमाणः; a present passive participle, so the thigh is what the marks are leaving — नखाङ्करहितः, without nail-marks now

कररुहपदैः · the marks it is being freed of — नखपदैः; an instrumental with a participle of separation, the footprints the nails left read as a fading track

मदीयैः · agreeing with कररुहपदैः — mine; the marks are his, and saying so is the point — the record of a night, and it has faded

त्याजितः · agreeing with ऊरुः — made to give up; a causative past participle in the कर्मकर्तृ sense, the thing acted on spoken of as the agent — the thigh made to surrender the pearls

मुक्ताजालम् · कर्म — the pearl-net, मौक्तिकसरमयं कटिभूषणम्; a waist-ornament of pearl strands, the second object of the two-object causative

चिरपरिचितम् · agreeing with मुक्ताजालम् — long familiar, चिराभ्यस्तम्; the ornament used to her, which is the Sanskrit way round

दैवगत्या · करण — by the turn of fate, दैववशेन; the only word in these ten stanzas that names a cause outside the two of them

समुचितः · agreeing with ऊरुः — entitled to, योग्यः; a claim and not a description — the thigh is owed the kneading it is not getting, and the genitive carries the claim

हस्तसंवाहनानाम् · षष्ठी — of the kneadings, हस्तेन मर्दनानाम्; what समुचित governs, in the sixth case

मम · षष्ठी — my; the kneadings are his, the second of his two possessives in the stanza after मदीयैः

संभोगान्ते · कालाधिकरण — when the love-making was over; the second अन्त in five stanzas, against शापस्यान्ते at 2.32 — one closes a pleasure, the other a punishment

सरसकदलीस्तम्भगौरः · agreeing with ऊरुः — pale as the stem of a plantain full of sap, पाण्डुरः; गौर is not white but the light end of a colour, which is what a thigh under a curse has become

चलत्वम् · कर्म — a trembling, स्पन्दनम्; what the thigh arrives at, an abstract noun where 2.35 ended on a picture — the omen stated flat

uncheckedMallinātha’s Sañjīvinī for the anvaya and the reading, which needs nothing supplied; he glosses अस्याः as अस्याः प्रियायाः, names the Nimittanidāna for the thigh's throb (ऊरोः स्पन्दात्…), explains why the pearls were worn and put off (शीतोपचारस्य वैयर्थ्यात्), argues सरस as रसार्द्र (तत्रैव पाण्डिमसम्भवात्) and गौर as the light end of a colour, and names त्याजितः as a कर्मकर्तृ causative द्विकर्मक by the पचादि vārttika (the same line as 2.33); the Telugu drawn from Vedam Venkataraya Sastri’s Āndhra Meghasandeśam. The tree roots at the future यास्यति, the prediction the stanza turns on.

And her left thigh — the marks my nails left on it are fading from it; it has been made to give up, by the turn things took, the string of pearls it had worn so long; it has a claim on the kneading my hands used to give it when the love-making was done; and it is pale as the stem of a plantain full of sap — that thigh will begin to tremble. **Every clause is a subtraction and the verb at the end is a promise.** The nail-marks are going; the pearls are gone; the massage is owed and not given. Then यास्यति, and the trembling is the omen that all three will be restored. **Mallinātha names the book**, the same one as one stanza ago: ऊरोः स्पन्दाद्रतं विद्याद् ऊर्वोः प्राप्तिं सुवाससः — from the throbbing of one thigh, know there will be love-making; from both, the getting of fine clothes. **So the poem's two omens in two stanzas come out of one manual**, and both are about a limb quivering on the left. **And the left is the thing 2.35 could not say.** There the poem wrote only नयनम् and Mallinātha had to supply वामम् out of a verse about which side is auspicious for a woman. Here the poet writes वामः himself, in the stanza's first word. The supplied word at 2.35 is confirmed by the printed word at 2.36, and the च joining them says the two signs are one thought. **The pearls have a reason and the verse does not give it.** मुक्ताजाल is a girdle of pearl strands, and Mallinātha explains why it was worn and why it has been put off: सम्प्रति नखपदोष्माभावेन शीतोपचारस्य तस्य वैयर्थ्यादिति भावः — now, with no heat of nail-marks, that cooling remedy has no point. Pearls are cold; scratches burn; there are no scratches. **The commentary supplies a whole chain of cause and the stanza states only its two ends**, and it reads the nail-marks themselves out of the Ratirahasya, which lists the thighs among the eight places for them. **One epithet is argued for rather than glossed.** सरस, of the plantain stem, he will not let pass as decoration: सरसो रसार्द्रः परिपक्वो न शुष्कश्च स एव विवक्षितः । **तत्रैव पाण्डिमसम्भवात्** — it means full of sap, ripe and not dried, and that is what is meant, because the pallor is only possible in such a one. A dried stem is brown. The comparison needs the freshness or it does not work, and he is the only one who says so. **Two rules are named for one participle.** त्याजितः is the past participle of the causative of √त्यज् in the कर्मकर्तृ sense, where the thing acted on is spoken of as the agent — the thigh is *made to give up* — and the two objects it takes are licensed by the supplementary line on the पच् class, **the same line he cited three stanzas ago for मोचयिष्यति, and quoted here in different words**. No figure is named.

uncheckedthe reader's reading, following Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī's gloss. His are: नखपदैः for कररुहपदैः with the Amara line and the Ratirahasya on where nail-marks are made, परिहीयमाणः and नखाङ्करहितः for मुच्यमानः, चिराभ्यस्तम् for चिरपरिचितम्, मौक्तिकसरमयं कटिभूषणम् with the शीतोपचार explanation, दैववशेन for दैवगत्या, कर्मकर्तरि क्तः and the द्विकर्मन् line for त्याजितः, मर्दनानाम् with the Amara line for संवाहनानाम्, योग्यः for समुचितः, the argument for सरस with तत्रैव पाण्डिमसम्भवात्, पाण्डुरः for गौरः with the मालतीमाला line, प्रियायाः for अस्याः, and स्पन्दनम् and प्राप्स्यते with the Nimittanidāna verse. That every clause before the verb is a subtraction, that 2.35's supplied वामम् is confirmed by this stanza's printed वामः, and that this is the first stanza since 2.28 needing nothing supplied, are the reader's; the Nimittanidāna verses at 2.35 and 2.36 are checked against `vendor/meghaduta-sanjivini.itx`. Neither the Ratirahasya nor the मालतीमाला is in this repository and neither citation can be checked““ūroḥ spandād rataṃ vidyād ūrvoḥ prāptiṃ suvāsasaḥ” iti nimittanidāne”

And her left thigh — the marks my nails left on it are fading from it; it has been made to give up, by the turn things took, the string of pearls it had worn so long; it has a claim on the kneading my hands used to give it when the love-making was done; and it is pale as the stem of a plantain full of sap — that thigh will begin to tremble. Every clause takes something away and the verb gives it back: the trembling is an omen that the nail-marks, the pearls and the touch are all coming again, read off the auspicious side exactly as the eye's throb was one stanza before.

  • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 2.36, whole-verse gloss

No figure is named for this verse by the commentary this reading follows, so none is shown.