printलघुसिद्धान्तकौमुदी — practise the grammar

मेघदूतम् · कालिदास · 1.29

सिन्धु · the stream thinned by parting

वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला तामतीतस्य सिन्धुः

वे
णी
भू
त
प्र
त
नु
स
लि
ला
ता
म
ती
त
स्य
सि
न्धुः

पाण्डुच्छाया तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिर्जीर्णपर्णैः

पा
ण्डु
च्छा
या
त
ट
रु
ह
त
रु
भ्रं
शि
भि
र्जी
र्ण
प
र्णैः

सौभाग्यं ते सुभग विरहावस्थया व्यञ्जयन्ती

सौ
भा
ग्यं
ते
सु
भ
ग
वि
र
हा
व
स्थ
या
व्य
ञ्ज
य
न्ती

कार्श्यं येन त्यजति विधिना स त्वयैवोपपाद्यः

का
र्श्यं
ये
न
त्य
ज
ति
वि
धि
ना
स
त्व
यै
वो
प
पा
द्यः

pāda a

  • वेguruits long vowel ए
  • णीguruits long vowel ई
  • भूguruits long vowel ऊ
  • तguruthe conjunct प्र that follows it
  • प्रlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • तlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • नुlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • सlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • लिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • लाguruits long vowel आ
  • ताguruits long vowel आ
  • मlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • तीguruits long vowel ई
  • तguruthe conjunct स्य that follows it
  • स्यlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • सिguruthe conjunct न्ध that follows it
  • न्धुःguruthe visarga it carries
  • yati after 4 — a compound member ends here, inside वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला
  • yati after 10 — a word ends here — वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला

pāda b

  • पाguruits long vowel आ
  • ण्डुguruthe conjunct च्छ that follows it
  • च्छाguruits long vowel आ
  • याguruits long vowel आ
  • तlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • टlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • रुlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • हlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • तlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • रुguruthe conjunct भ्र that follows it
  • भ्रंguruthe anusvāra it carries
  • शिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • भिguruthe conjunct र्ज that follows it
  • र्जीguruits long vowel ई
  • र्णlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • पguruthe conjunct र्ण that follows it
  • र्णैःguruthe visarga it carries
  • yati after 4 — a word ends here — पाण्डुच्छाया
  • yati after 10 — it falls inside the compound तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिः

pāda c

  • सौguruits long vowel औ
  • भाguruits long vowel आ
  • ग्यंguruthe anusvāra it carries
  • तेguruits long vowel ए
  • सुlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • भlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • गlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • विlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • रlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • हाguruits long vowel आ
  • वguruthe conjunct स्थ that follows it
  • स्थlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • याguruits long vowel आ
  • व्यguruthe conjunct ञ्ज that follows it
  • ञ्जlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • यguruthe conjunct न्त that follows it
  • न्तीguruits long vowel ई
  • yati after 4 — a word ends here — ते
  • yati after 10 — it falls inside the compound विरहावस्थया

pāda d

  • काguruits long vowel आ
  • र्श्यंguruthe anusvāra it carries
  • येguruits long vowel ए
  • नguruthe conjunct त्य that follows it
  • त्यlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • जlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • तिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • विlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • धिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • नाguruits long vowel आ
  • सguruthe conjunct त्व that follows it
  • त्वlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • यैguruits long vowel ऐ
  • वोguruits long vowel ओ
  • पlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • पाguruits long vowel आ
  • द्यःguruthe visarga it carries
  • yati after 4 — a word ends here — येन
  • yati after 10 — a word ends here — विधिना

  • ताम् + अतीतस्य → तामतीतस्य

    म् + अ

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिः + जीर्णपर्णैः → तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिर्जीर्णपर्णैः

    ः + ज्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • सौभाग्यम् + ते → सौभाग्यं

    म् + त्

  • कार्श्यम् + येन → कार्श्यं

    म् + य्

  • सः + त्वया → स

    ः + त्

  • त्वया + एव → त्वयैवोपपाद्यः

    आ + ए → ऐ

  • एव + उपपाद्यः → त्वयैवोपपाद्यः

    अ + उ → ओ

  • वेणी + भूत → वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला

    ई + भ्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • भूत + प्रतनु → वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला

    अ + प्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • प्रतनु + सलिल → वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला

    उ + स्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • पाण्डु + छाया → पाण्डुच्छाया

    उ + छ्

  • तट + रुह → तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिः

    अ + र्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • रुह + तरु → तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिः

    अ + त्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • तरु + भ्रंशिन् → तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिः

    उ + भ्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • जीर्ण + पर्ण → जीर्णपर्णैः

    अ + प्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • विरह + अवस्था → विरहावस्थया

    अ + अ → आ · falls inside the syllable हा

सौभाग्यं ते and कार्श्यं येन both keep the word-final म् as अनुस्वार before a consonant (म् → ं before त् and before य्). तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिर्जीर्णपर्णैः shows the visarga going to र्: the visarga of भ्रंशिभिः stands before the voiced ज्. स त्वयैव loses a visarga the other way — सः drops its visarga before any consonant, so the page prints स, not सः. त्वयैवोपपाद्यः fuses twice over: त्वया + एव runs आ and ए to ऐ (त्वयैव), then एव + उपपाद्यः runs अ and उ to ओ (एवोपपाद्यः). And पाण्डुच्छाया doubles the छ after the short उ — छ takes a च् before it after a short vowel, so the word is पाण्डुच्छाया, not पाण्डुछाया.

  • Chinnaya Sūri, Bālavyākaraṇam — సంధిపరిచ్ఛేదము; vendor/balavyakaranam-sandhi.txt

  • ताम् द्वितीया · accusative — कर्म, the object

  • अतीतस्य षष्ठी · genitive — सम्बन्ध, a relation to another word

  • सिन्धुः प्रथमा · nominative — कर्ता, the agent

    with वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला, पाण्डुच्छाया, व्यञ्जयन्ती

  • जीर्णपर्णैः तृतीया · instrumental — करण, the instrument or cause

    with तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिः

  • सौभाग्यम् द्वितीया · accusative — कर्म, the object

  • ते षष्ठी · genitive — सम्बन्ध, a relation to another word

  • सुभग सम्बोधन · vocative — the one addressed

  • विरहावस्थया तृतीया · instrumental — करण, the instrument or cause

  • कार्श्यम् द्वितीया · accusative — कर्म, the object

  • येन तृतीया · instrumental — करण, the instrument or cause

  • विधिना तृतीया · instrumental — करण, the instrument or cause

  • सः प्रथमा · nominative — कर्ता, the agent

  • त्वया तृतीया · instrumental — करण, the instrument or cause

  • उपपाद्यः प्रथमा · nominative — कर्ता, the agent

प्रकरण 1 · हलन्त्यम्

प्रकरण 2 · इको यणचि

प्रकरण 3 · स्तोः श्चुना श्चुः

प्रकरण 4 · वा शरि

प्रकरण 5 · अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम्

प्रकरण 6 · औङ आपः

प्रकरण 7 · अतोऽम्

प्रकरण 8 · हो ढः

प्रकरण 10 · अहन्

प्रकरण 11 · स्वरादिनिपातमव्ययम्

प्रकरण 12 · लः कर्मणि च भावे चाकर्मकेभ्यः

प्रकरण 22 · स्वतन्त्रः कर्ता

प्रकरण 33 · धातोः

प्रकरण 34 · ण्वुल्तृचौ

प्रकरण 60 · स्त्रियाम्

not in the abridgement

  • अ अ 8.4.68← अतीतस्य; व्यञ्जयन्ती; त्यजति

वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला

वेणी · भूत · प्रतनु · सलिल

  1. अवेणी वेणी भूतम्

    तत्पुरुष — what was no braid has turned into one

  2. वेणीभूतं प्रतनु च सलिलम्

    कर्मधारय — the water, so turned and gone scant

  3. वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिलं यस्याः सा

    बहुव्रीहि — she whose water it is

बहुव्रीहि — it refers to सिन्धुः. whose thin water has drawn itself into a single braid — Mallinātha's vigraha begins at अवेणी, "no braid before", so the compound states a change and not a state, and he glosses वेणीभूत as वेण्याकार, braid-shaped. He hears the other sense sounding under it: वेणीभूतः केशपाशः, the one braid a woman leaves her hair in while her husband is away

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī“aveṇī veṇībhūtaṃ veṇyākāraṃ pratanu stokaṃ ca salilaṃ yasyāḥ sā tathoktā | anyatra veṇībhūta keśapāśeti ca dhvanyate”

पाण्डुच्छाया

पाण्डु · छाया

  1. पाण्डुः छाया

    कर्मधारय — a pale sheen

  2. पाण्डुच्छाया यस्याः सा

    बहुव्रीहि — she who wears it

बहुव्रीहि — it refers to सिन्धुः. pale — Mallinātha glosses पाण्डुवर्णा, of a pale colour, which makes the compound describe the river rather than name something she has. छ doubles after the short उ, so the printed word is पाण्डुच्छाया and not पाण्डुछाया

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī“jīrṇaparṇaiḥ śuṣkapatraiḥ pāṇḍucchāyā pāṇḍuvarṇā”

तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिः

तट · रुह · तरु · भ्रंशिन्

  1. तटयोः रुहाः

    तत्पुरुष (locative) — the ones that grow on the banks

  2. तटरुहाः तरवः

    कर्मधारय — and they are trees

  3. तटरुहतरुभ्यः भ्रंशिनः

    तत्पुरुष (ablative) — falling from those trees

तत्पुरुष — it agrees with जीर्णपर्णैः. falling from the trees that grow along her banks — Mallinātha stops to derive the middle member: रुहन्ति इति रुहाः, "the ones that grow", by the rule that adds क to a root with इ, उ or ऋ next to last

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī“ruhantīti ruhāḥ || igupadhalakṣaṇaḥ kapratyayaḥ || taṭayo ruhā ye taravastebhyo bhraśyantīti tathoktaiḥ”

जीर्णपर्णैः

जीर्ण · पर्ण

  1. जीर्णानि पर्णानि

    कर्मधारय — the leaves, and they are withered

कर्मधारय. withered leaves — Mallinātha glosses शुष्कपत्रैः, dried leaves. The instrumental is what makes her pale: the colour is not hers but theirs, lying on her

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī“jīrṇaparṇaiḥ śuṣkapatraiḥ”

विरहावस्थया

विरह · अवस्था

  1. विरहस्य अवस्था

    तत्पुरुष (genitive) — the state that separation puts her in

तत्पुरुष. by the state parting has left her in — Mallinātha adds पूर्वोक्तप्रकारया, of the kind just described, and names the case for it: करणेन, as the instrument. He then places the thinness on a scale, calling it the fifth of the ten states of love, and quotes the Ratirahasya's list of all ten

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī“virahāvasthayā pūrvoktaprakārayā karaṇena … iyaṃ pañcamī madanāvasthā”

  • ā-stem feminine, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला

    सलिला, the feminine of सलिल

    water — the only inflected part of the compound, and the nominative that agrees with सिन्धुः. सलिल is neuter as a noun and takes the feminine ā at the end of a bahuvrīhi describing the river, as काञ्चीगुण did at 1.28

    वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला, “whose thin water has drawn itself into a single braid”, states a change and not a standing state, because Mallinātha's vigraha begins at अवेणी, “no braid before”: the water that was no braid has become one — वेण्याकार, braid-shaped — and gone scant, स्तोक. And he hears a second sense sounding under it (ध्वन्यते): वेणीभूतः केशपाशः, the single braid a wife leaves her hair in while her husband is away. So the thinned stream is at once the river's braid of water and the absent wife's braid of hair.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.29: aveṇī veṇībhūtaṃ veṇyākāraṃ pratanu stokaṃ ca salilaṃ yasyāḥ sā tathoktā | anyatra veṇībhūta keśapāśeti ca dhvanyate

  • pronoun, द्वितीया एकवचन accusative singular

    ताम्

    printed तामतीतस्य

    तद्

    her — the Nirvindhyā of the verse before, now behind him. Mallinātha's own edition does not print this word: he reads असौ, "this one here", and argues against तामतीतस्य

  • √इ + क्त, षष्ठी एकवचन genitive singular

    अतीतस्य

    printed तामतीतस्य

    अतीत, from अति + √इ

    of you who have gone past — a past participle used actively, agreeing with the ते of pāda 3. Mallinātha, who reads no ताम् before it, takes the going past as a going past in time and glosses प्रोषितस्य, of one away from home

  • u-stem feminine, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    सिन्धुः

    सिन्धु

    the Sindhu, the next river on the road — and the gender is the whole of the argument about it. Mallinātha quotes the Vaijayantī for सिन्धु being feminine when it means a river and masculine when it means anything else, reads it here as the river already named, and says that those who take it for a second river are following a reading he rejects: there is a male Sindhu in Kashmir and no female one anywhere

    Which river is this, and is सिन्धु even feminine? Mallinātha reads सिन्धुः as the Nirvindhyā already named, not a new river, and answers those who take it for a second one with a point of gender: he quotes the Vaijayantī that सिन्धु is feminine only when it means a river, and masculine for anything else — a region, the sea, an elephant. There is a male Sindhu in Kashmir but no female Sindhu river anywhere, so the word here must be the Nirvindhyā. (The corpus text prints तामतीतस्य, with ताम्; Mallinātha's own edition reads असौ, “this one here”, and argues against तामतीतस्य.)

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.29: asau pūrvoktā sindhurnadī nirvindhyā || “strī nadyāṃ nā nade sindhurdeśabhede ’mbudhau gaje” iti vaijayantī

  • ā-stem feminine, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    पाण्डुच्छाया

    छाया

    sheen, colour — Mallinātha replaces it with वर्ण outright: पाण्डुवर्णा, pale-coloured

  • in-stem neuter, तृतीया बहुवचन instrumental plural

    तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिः

    printed तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिर्जीर्णपर्णैः

    भ्रंशिन्

    falling — an agent stem in -इन्, "one that falls", built from √भ्रंश्. Mallinātha unpacks it as a relative clause: तेभ्यो भ्रश्यन्ति इति, they fall from those. It is neuter here by agreement with the leaves — an in-stem has one instrumental plural for both genders, so the form is भ्रंशिभिः either way

  • a-stem neuter, तृतीया बहुवचन instrumental plural

    जीर्णपर्णैः

    printed तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिर्जीर्णपर्णैः

    पर्ण

    leaves — the instrumental of what causes her paleness rather than of anything she does with them

    The river's paleness is borrowed, not her own. जीर्णपर्णैः, “with withered leaves” (Mallinātha: शुष्कपत्रैः, dried leaves), is an instrumental of cause: she is पाण्डुच्छाया, pale-hued (पाण्डुवर्णा), because the pale dead leaves lie on her, not of herself. Mallinātha stops to derive the middle of तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिः: रुहन्ति इति रुहाः, “the ones that grow”, the क-suffix added to a root whose next-to-last sound is इ, उ or ऋ (इगुपधलक्षणः कप्रत्ययः) — so तटरुह, “bank-grown”, then तटरुहतरु, “the bank-grown trees”, then भ्रंशिन्, “falling from them” (तेभ्यो भ्रश्यन्ति).

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.29: jīrṇaparṇaiḥ śuṣkapatraiḥ pāṇḍucchāyā pāṇḍuvarṇā | ruhantīti ruhāḥ || igupadhalakṣaṇaḥ kapratyayaḥ

  • a-stem neuter, द्वितीया एकवचन accusative singular

    सौभाग्यम्

    printed सौभाग्यं

    सौभाग्य, from सुभग

    good fortune — Mallinātha glosses सुभगत्वम्, being a सुभग, and cites the rule by which both members of सुभग take the strengthened vowel and not just the last: सु becomes सौ and भग becomes भाग्य. It is the object of व्यञ्जयन्ती, and the word it is made from stands two words later as a vocative

  • pronoun, षष्ठी एकवचन genitive singular

    ते

    युष्मद्

    your — Mallinātha glosses तव. The good fortune the river shows is the cloud's, not her own

  • a-stem masculine, सम्बोधन एकवचन vocative singular

    सुभग

    सुभग

    you fortunate one — a vocative, and the poem's first address of the cloud by this word. Mallinātha says what it means to be one: सुभगः is he whom women desire

    The poem addresses the cloud as सुभग, “fortunate one”, for the first time here, and Mallinātha says what the word claims: सुभगः is the one whom women desire (यमङ्गनाः कामयन्ते). The abstract noun made from it, सौभाग्यम्, “good fortune, being a सुभग”, takes वृद्धि — the strengthened vowel — in both members and not just the last: सु → सौ and भग → भाग्य, by the rule हृद्भगसिन्ध्वन्ते पूर्वपदस्य च. So the fortune the river shows (सौभाग्यम्) and the name she calls him by (सुभग) are the one word, once as a state and once as an address.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.29: te tava saubhāgyaṃ subhagatvam || “hṛdbhagasindhvante pūrvapadasya ca” ityubhayapadavṛddhiḥ … sa khalu subhago yamaṅganāḥ kāmayanta iti bhāvaḥ

  • ā-stem feminine, तृतीया एकवचन instrumental singular

    विरहावस्थया

    अवस्था

    by her condition — Mallinātha names the case rather than leaving it to be guessed: करणेन, this is the instrument by which she shows what she shows

  • √अञ्ज् + णिच् + शतृ + ङीप्, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    व्यञ्जयन्ती

    व्यञ्जयन्ती, from वि + √अञ्ज् with णिच्

    making it plain — Mallinātha glosses प्रकाशयन्ती. A causative present participle in the feminine, agreeing with सिन्धुः: the whole verse is this one participle and what hangs off it, with no finite verb until the relative clause of pāda 4

    The whole verse leans on one participle. व्यञ्जयन्ती, “making it plain” (Mallinātha: प्रकाशयन्ती), is a causative (णिच्) present participle in the feminine, agreeing with सिन्धुः — वि + √अञ्ज्, “to make manifest”. The main sentence has no finite verb at all: the river, thinned and pale, simply stands “making plain” the cloud's good fortune. The one finite verb of the verse, त्यजति, sits inside the relative clause येन विधिना कार्श्यं त्यजति; and the main predicate of the second half, उपपाद्यः, is a gerundive, not a finite verb either.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.29: virahāvasthayā … vyañjayantī prakāśayantī

  • a-stem neuter, द्वितीया एकवचन accusative singular

    कार्श्यम्

    printed कार्श्यं

    कार्श्य, from कृश

    thinness — the state the river is in and the fifth of the ten states of love, which Mallinātha names and then lists in full out of the Ratirahasya: delight of the eye, the mind's attachment, resolve, sleeplessness, thinness, loss of interest, loss of shame, madness, faint, death

    Her thinness is placed on a scale, and its cure named. कार्श्यम्, “thinness”, Mallinātha calls the fifth of the ten states of love (मदनावस्था), and lists all ten out of the Ratirahasya: delight of the eye, the mind's attachment, resolve, sleeplessness, thinness, loss of interest, loss of shame, madness, faint, death. The means (विधि — glossed व्यापारेण, “by the doing of it”, so not fate but an act) by which she will give up that thinness is to be provided (उपपाद्यः, कर्तव्यः) by the cloud and by nobody else: rain, in the plain reading, and love-making in the other, since the thinness comes of going without it. The एव in त्वयैव shuts out every other agent — her whole faithfulness (पातिव्रत्य) is in that one word.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.29: iyaṃ pañcamī madanāvasthā | taduktaṃ ratirahasye … sa vidhistvayaivopapādyaḥ | … ekatra vṛṣṭiranyatra sambhogastadabhāvanibandhanatvāt
    • వేదం వేంకటరాయశాస్త్రి, ఆంధ్ర మేఘసందేశము — 1.29 తాత్పర్యము; vendor/vedam-meghasandesam-telugu-ocr.txt

  • pronoun, तृतीया एकवचन instrumental singular

    येन

    यद्

    by which — it agrees with विधिना two words later, and सः in the second half answers it

  • √त्यज्, class 1, लट्, parasmaipada, third person singular

    त्यजति

    √त्यज्

    she gives up — the verse's one finite verb, and it is inside the relative clause. The main sentence has none: उपपाद्यः, a gerundive, carries it

  • i-stem masculine, तृतीया एकवचन instrumental singular

    विधिना

    विधि

    by the means — Mallinātha glosses व्यापारेण, by the doing of it, which keeps विधि from being read as fate

  • pronoun, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    सः

    printed स

    तद्

    that one — the means the relative clause named. The visarga is gone because सः loses it before any consonant, which is why the page prints स

  • pronoun, तृतीया एकवचन instrumental singular

    त्वया

    printed त्वयैवोपपाद्यः

    युष्मद्

    by you — the instrumental that stands for the agent of a gerundive

  • अव्यय

    एव

    printed त्वयैवोपपाद्यः

    एव

    and by nobody else — the particle that shuts out every other agent, which is the whole force of the verse's last line

  • √पद् + णिच् + ण्यत्, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    उपपाद्यः

    printed त्वयैवोपपाद्यः

    उपपाद्य, from उप + √पद् with णिच्

    to be brought about — a kṛtya, so it agrees with the means and not with the cloud that has to provide them. Mallinātha glosses कर्तव्यः and then says what the means is: rain, in the one reading, and love-making in the other, since the thinness comes of going without it

वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला · तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिः · जीर्णपर्णैः · पाण्डुच्छाया · ताम् · अतीतस्य · ते · सौभाग्यम् · सुभग · विरहावस्थया · व्यञ्जयन्ती · सिन्धुः · येन · विधिना · कार्श्यम् · त्यजति · सः · त्वया · एव · उपपाद्यः

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, whose commentary is written as anvaya“jīrṇaparṇaiḥ śuṣkapatraiḥ pāṇḍucchāyā … ata eva he subhaga, virahāvasthayā … te tava saubhāgyaṃ … vyañjayantī”

the dependency structure

त्यजति · क्रिया — she gives up; the verse's one finite verb, and it sits inside the relative clause येन विधिना कार्श्यं त्यजति. The main sentence has no finite verb of its own — व्यञ्जयन्ती carries it — so the tree is rooted here, at the only तिङ् of the verse; logically this clause answers सः … उपपाद्यः through the येन … सः pair, and is the subordinate half

सिन्धुः · कर्ता — the river, she who gives up her thinness; Mallinātha reads her as the Nirvindhyā of the verse before, not a new river

वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला · agreeing with सिन्धुः — whose thin water has drawn itself into a single braid

पाण्डुच्छाया · agreeing with सिन्धुः — pale-hued, पाण्डुवर्णा

जीर्णपर्णैः · करण — by the withered leaves; the paleness is the leaves' and not hers, lying on her

तटरुहतरुभ्रंशिभिः · agreeing with जीर्णपर्णैः — falling from the trees that grow along her banks

व्यञ्जयन्ती · agreeing with सिन्धुः — making it plain, प्रकाशयन्ती; a causative present participle, and the predicate the main sentence leans on in place of a finite verb

सौभाग्यम् · कर्म — the good fortune she makes plain

ते · षष्ठी — your; the fortune shown is the cloud's, not her own

अतीतस्य · agreeing with ते — of you who have gone past, प्रोषितस्य

ताम् · कर्म — her, whom you have gone past

विरहावस्थया · करण — by the state that parting has left her in, the means by which she shows it

सुभग · संबोधन — O fortunate one; the address to the cloud

कार्श्यम् · कर्म — the thinness, what she gives up

विधिना · करण — by the means, व्यापारेण; not fate but a doing

येन · agreeing with विधिना — by which means

उपपाद्यः · क्रिया — to be brought about, a gerundive (कर्तव्यः) that predicates the second half's main sentence; it hangs here because त्यजति is the verse's only finite verb, though this is the clause त्यजति's relative one answers

सः · the subject — that means, the सः that answers येन

त्वया · करण — by you, the instrumental that stands for the agent of a gerundive

एव · particle — and by nobody else; the whole force of the last line

uncheckedMallinātha’s Sañjīvinī for the anvaya and the reading; the Telugu drawn from Vedam Venkataraya Sastri’s Āndhra Meghasandeśam and the Bālānandinī

The Sindhu, whom you have gone past, her thin water drawn into a single braid, gone pale under the withered leaves that drop from the trees along her banks — she is telling the world how fortunate you are, fortunate one, and telling it by the state that being without you has left her in. The means by which she gives up that thinness has to come from you and from nobody else.

uncheckedthe reader's reading, following Mallinātha's gloss

The Sindhu, whom you have gone past, her thin water drawn into a single braid, gone pale under the withered leaves that drop from the trees along her banks — she is telling the world how fortunate you are, fortunate one, and telling it by the state that being without you has left her in. The means by which she gives up that thinness has to come from you and from nobody else.

  • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.29, whole-verse gloss

No figure is named for this verse by the commentary this reading follows, so none is shown.