printलघुसिद्धान्तकौमुदी — practise the grammar

मेघदूतम् · कालिदास · 1.34

उज्जयिनी · the terraces, and the road forgotten

जालोद्गीर्णैरुपचितवपुः केशसंस्कारधूपैः

जा
लो
द्गी
र्णै
रु
प
चि
त
व
पुः
के
श
सं
स्का
र
धू
पैः

बन्धुप्रीत्या भवनशिखिभिर्दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः

ब
न्धु
प्री
त्या
भ
व
न
शि
खि
भि
र्द
त्त
नृ
त्त्यो
प
हा
रः

हर्म्येष्वस्याः कुसुमसुरभिष्वध्वखेदं नयेथा

ह
र्म्ये
ष्व
स्याः
कु
सु
म
सु
र
भि
ष्व
ध्व
खे
दं
न
ये
था

लक्ष्मीं पश्यंल्ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

ल
क्ष्मीं
प
श्यं
ल्ल
लि
त
व
नि
ता
पा
द
रा
गा
ङ्कि
ते
षु

alternate reading नीत्वा रात्रिं ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु — for the whole of pāda d. Shown, not analysed.

pāda a

  • जाguruits long vowel आ
  • लोguruits long vowel ओ
  • द्गीguruits long vowel ई
  • र्णैguruits long vowel ऐ
  • रुlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • पlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • चिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • तlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • वlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • पुःguruthe visarga it carries
  • केguruits long vowel ए
  • शlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • संguruthe anusvāra it carries
  • स्काguruits long vowel आ
  • रlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • धूguruits long vowel ऊ
  • पैःguruthe visarga it carries
  • yati after 4 — it falls inside the compound जालोद्गीर्णैः
  • yati after 10 — a word ends here — जालोद्गीर्णैरुपचितवपुः

pāda b

  • बguruthe conjunct न्ध that follows it
  • न्धुguruthe conjunct प्र that follows it
  • प्रीguruits long vowel ई
  • त्याguruits long vowel आ
  • भlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • वlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • नlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • शिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • खिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • भिguruthe conjunct र्द that follows it
  • र्दguruthe conjunct त्त that follows it
  • त्तlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • नृguruthe conjunct त्त्य that follows it
  • त्त्योguruits long vowel ओ
  • पlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • हाguruits long vowel आ
  • रःguruthe visarga it carries
  • yati after 4 — a word ends here — बन्धुप्रीत्या
  • yati after 10 — it falls inside the compound भवनशिखिभिः

pāda c

  • हguruthe conjunct र्म्य that follows it
  • र्म्येguruits long vowel ए
  • ष्वguruthe conjunct स्य that follows it
  • स्याःguruthe visarga it carries
  • कुlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • सुlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • मlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • सुlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • रlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • भिguruthe conjunct ष्व that follows it
  • ष्वguruthe conjunct ध्व that follows it
  • ध्वlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • खेguruits long vowel ए
  • दंguruthe anusvāra it carries
  • नlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • येguruits long vowel ए
  • थाguruits long vowel आ
  • yati after 4 — a word ends here — हर्म्येष्वस्याः
  • yati after 10 — it falls inside the compound कुसुमसुरभिषु

pāda d

  • लguruthe conjunct क्ष्म that follows it
  • क्ष्मींguruthe anusvāra it carries
  • पguruthe conjunct श्य that follows it
  • श्यंguruthe anusvāra it carries
  • ल्लlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • लिlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • तlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • वlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • निlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • ताguruits long vowel आ
  • पाguruits long vowel आ
  • दlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • राguruits long vowel आ
  • गाguruits long vowel आ
  • ङ्किlaghuits short vowel, with a single consonant after it
  • तेguruits long vowel ए
  • षुlaghuits short vowel — light on its own, though the pāda ends here
  • yati after 4 — it falls inside पश्यन्
  • yati after 10 — it falls inside the compound ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

  • जालोद्गीर्णैः + उपचितवपुः → जालोद्गीर्णैरुपचितवपुः

    ः + उ

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • भवनशिखिभिः + दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः → भवनशिखिभिर्दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः

    ः + द्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • हर्म्येषु + अस्याः → हर्म्येष्वस्याः

    उ + अ

  • कुसुमसुरभिषु + अध्वखेदम् → कुसुमसुरभिष्वध्वखेदं

    उ + अ

  • नयेथाः + लक्ष्मीम् → नयेथा

    ः + ल्

  • लक्ष्मीम् + पश्यन् → लक्ष्मीं

    म् + प्

  • पश्यन् + ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु → पश्यंल्ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

    न् + ल्

  • जाल + उद्गीर्ण → जालोद्गीर्णैः

    अ + उ → ओ · falls inside the syllable लो

  • उपचित + वपुस् → उपचितवपुः

    अ + व्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • केश + संस्कार → केशसंस्कारधूपैः

    अ + स्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • संस्कार + धूप → केशसंस्कारधूपैः

    अ + ध्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • बन्धु + प्रीति → बन्धुप्रीत्या

    उ + प्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • भवन + शिखिन् → भवनशिखिभिः

    अ + श्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • दत्त + नृत्त्य → दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः

    अ + न्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • नृत्त्य + उपहार → दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः

    अ + उ → ओ · falls inside the syllable त्त्यो

  • कुसुम + सुरभि → कुसुमसुरभिषु

    अ + स्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • अध्वन् + खेद → अध्वखेदम्

    न् + ख्

  • ललित + वनिता → ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

    अ + व्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • वनिता + पाद → ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

    आ + प्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • पाद + राग → ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

    अ + र्

    no rule named — the builder's table does not hold this change

  • राग + अङ्कित → ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

    अ + अ → आ · falls inside the syllable गा

The stanza's joins are the two everyday outcomes, visarga before a voiced sound and short vowels meeting. जालोद्गीर्णैरुपचितवपुः and भवनशिखिभिर्दत्त- turn a visarga to र् before a vowel or a voiced consonant: जालोद्गीर्णैः + उपचित-, भवनशिखिभिः + दत्त-. हर्म्येष्वस्याः and कुसुमसुरभिष्वध्वखेदं are the उ of the locative plural going to व् before a vowel (Pāṇini 6.1.77): हर्म्येषु + अस्याः, कुसुमसुरभिषु + अध्वखेदम्. नयेथा लक्ष्मीं loses a visarga before ल् (8.3.17, 8.3.22): नयेथाः + लक्ष्मीम् prints नयेथा. And पश्यंल्ललितवनिता- shows न् before ल् becoming a nasalised ल् (ल्ँ), the न् of पश्यन् assimilating to the following ल.

  • Chinnaya Sūri, Bālavyākaraṇam — సంధిపరిచ్ఛేదము; vendor/balavyakaranam-sandhi.txt

  • केशसंस्कारधूपैः तृतीया · instrumental — करण, the instrument or cause

    with जालोद्गीर्णैः

  • बन्धुप्रीत्या तृतीया · instrumental — हेतौ तृतीया — an instrumental of motive, not of means; ‘out of fondness’, not ‘by fondness’

    The instrumental's default role is करण, the means by which a thing is done. बन्धुप्रीत्या is not the means of the dancing but its motive — the peacocks dance out of fondness, which is what makes the dancing a gift and not a trained habit. Mallinātha offers two ways to construe the fondness and does not choose: बन्धौ प्रीत्या, fondness directed at a kinsman, or बन्धुरिति प्रीत्या, fondness at the thought ‘this is a kinsman’; either way it is a cause in the instrumental.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.34: bandhau prītyā bandhuriti vā prītyā

  • भवनशिखिभिः तृतीया · instrumental — करण, the instrument or cause

  • हर्म्येषु सप्तमी · locative — अधिकरण, the location

    with कुसुमसुरभिषु, ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

  • अस्याः षष्ठी · genitive — सम्बन्ध, a relation to another word

  • अध्वखेदम् द्वितीया · accusative — कर्म, the object

  • लक्ष्मीम् द्वितीया · accusative — कर्म, the object

  • पश्यन् प्रथमा · nominative — कर्ता, the agent

प्रकरण 1 · हलन्त्यम्

  • हलन्त्यम् 1.3.3← नयेथाः; पश्यन्; ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु
  • तस्य लोपः 1.3.9← जालोद्गीर्णैः; केशसंस्कारधूपैः; दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः; नयेथाः; पश्यन्; ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु
  • सुप्तिङन्तं पदम् 1.4.14← जालोद्गीर्णैः; नयेथाः; पश्यन्; ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

प्रकरण 2 · इको यणचि

प्रकरण 3 · स्तोः श्चुना श्चुः

प्रकरण 4 · वा शरि

प्रकरण 5 · अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम्

प्रकरण 6 · औङ आपः

प्रकरण 8 · हो ढः

प्रकरण 11 · स्वरादिनिपातमव्ययम्

प्रकरण 12 · लः कर्मणि च भावे चाकर्मकेभ्यः

प्रकरण 14 · जुहोत्यादिभ्यः श्लुः

प्रकरण 16 · स्वादिभ्यः श्नुः

प्रकरण 17 · तुदादिभ्यः शः

प्रकरण 22 · स्वतन्त्रः कर्ता

प्रकरण 34 · ण्वुल्तृचौ

प्रकरण 60 · स्त्रियाम्

not in the abridgement

  • अ अ 8.4.68← नयेथाः; पश्यन्; ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

जालोद्गीर्णैः

जाल · उद्गीर्ण

  1. जालेभ्यः उद्गीर्णैः

    तत्पुरुष (ablative) — given up out of the lattices

तत्पुरुष — it agrees with केशसंस्कारधूपैः. coming up through the window lattices — Mallinātha glosses गवाक्षमार्गनिर्गतैः, gone out by way of the lattice openings, and puts मार्ग, 'by way of', in himself: the compound gives only the lattices and the coming-out. He then fixes जाल with a lexicon, quoting Yādava, who gives the word a latticed window first and a net, a small window, a fraud and a crowd after it

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, citing Yādava's Vaijayantī“jālodgīrṇairgavākṣamārganirgataiḥ || “jālaṃ gavākṣa ānāye jālake kapaṭe gaṇe” iti yādavaḥ”

उपचितवपुः

उपचित · वपुस्

  1. उपचितं वपुः यस्य सः

    बहुव्रीहि — the one whose body has been filled out

बहुव्रीहि — it refers to त्वम्. his body thickened by it — Mallinātha glosses परिपुष्टशरीरः, of well-fed body. The cloud eats smoke: what rises off the women's hair goes into him and makes him denser, which is a joke about what a cloud is made of and a compliment to the house at once. There is no word in the verse for the compound to point at — the addressee is carried by the ending of नयेथाः alone — so the त्वम् here is supplied by the analysis and not by the commentator

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī (the gloss); the word it points at supplied by the analysis from the second-person ending of नयेथाः“upacitavapuḥ paripuṣṭaśarīraḥ”

केशसंस्कारधूपैः

केश · संस्कार · धूप

  1. केशानां संस्कारः

    तत्पुरुष (genitive) — the dressing of the hair

  2. केशसंस्कारस्य धूपाः

    तत्पुरुष (genitive) — the incense that belongs to that dressing

तत्पुरुष. the incense that dresses their hair — Mallinātha glosses वनिताकेशवासनार्यैर्गन्धद्रव्यधूपैः, smoke of scented stuff, fit for perfuming women's hair, and then stops to say which compound it is. The sense is plainly purpose — incense *for* dressing the hair — and a purpose compound would be a dative one by Pāṇini 2.1.36. He rules that out: the dative compound holds only where the first thing turns into the second, as the wood of यूपदारु turns into the sacrificial post, and hair-dressing is not what incense is made into. So this is a genitive compound of the अश्वघास kind — grass for horses, which is still the horses' grass. A rule about sacrificial timber, applied to a woman drying her hair over a censer

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, on Pāṇini 2.1.36, चतुर्थी तदर्थार्थबलिहितसुखरक्षितैः, looked up through skt-mcp — the transcription reads अश्वघासादिषत् where अश्वघासादिवत्, "like अश्वघास and its sort", is what the argument needs“keśasaṃskāradhūpaiḥ | vanitākeśavāsanāryairgandhadravyadhūpairityarthaḥ || atra saṃskāradhūpayostādarthye'pi yūpadārvādivatprakṛtivikāratvābhāvādaśvaghāsādiṣat ṣaṣṭhīsamāso na caturthīsamāsaḥ”

बन्धुप्रीत्या

बन्धु · प्रीति

  1. बन्धौ प्रीतिः

    तत्पुरुष (locative) — fondness for a kinsman

  2. बन्धुः इति प्रीतिः

    तत्पुरुष — the fondness that says "kinsman"

तत्पुरुष. out of fondness for a kinsman — Mallinātha gives two ways to take it and does not choose: बन्धौ प्रीत्या, fondness directed at a kinsman, or बन्धुरिति प्रीत्या, fondness that comes of thinking "this is a kinsman". The peacocks are the cloud's relations because they dance when he comes; on the second reading the verse says so and on the first it only assumes it

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, who prints both with वा“bandhau bandhuriti vā prītyā”

भवनशिखिभिः

भवन · शिखिन्

  1. भवनानां शिखिनः

    तत्पुरुष (genitive) — the houses' peacocks

तत्पुरुष. the house-peacocks — Mallinātha answers a compound with a compound, गृहमयूरैः, and so does not say which relation he reads: the peacocks of the houses or the peacocks in them come to the same tame bird either way. The vigraha here is restored

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, who glosses it with another compound and leaves it unresolved; the vigraha restored“bhavanaśikhibhirgṛhamayūraiḥ”

दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः

दत्त · नृत्त्य · उपहार

  1. नृत्यम् एव उपहारः

    कर्मधारय — the dancing, and it is the present

  2. दत्तः नृत्योपहारः यस्मै सः

    बहुव्रीहि — the one to whom that present was given

बहुव्रीहि — it refers to त्वम्. made a present of their dancing — Mallinātha's vigraha is the whole of it: दत्तो नृत्यमेवोपहार उपायनं यस्मै स तथोक्तः, he to whom the dancing, as a gift, was given. He fixes उपहार with Amara, who puts it in a line of four words for a present. The bahuvrīhi ends in a dative relation — यस्मै — which is not the commonest kind, and the one it describes is again the cloud, whom the verse never names

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, citing Amara; the word it points at supplied by the analysis, as Mallinātha's own यस्मै supplies it“datto nṛtyamevopahāra upāyanaṃ yasmai sa tathoktaḥ || “upāyanamupagrāhyamupahārastathopadā” ityamaraḥ”

कुसुमसुरभिषु

कुसुम · सुरभि

  1. कुसुमैः सुरभिषु

    तत्पुरुष (instrumental) — made sweet by flowers

तत्पुरुष — it agrees with हर्म्येषु. sweet with flowers — Mallinātha unpacks it with the instrumental in place, कुसुमैः सुरभिषु, and glosses सुरभि as सुगन्धि, sweet-smelling. It is the third scent of the stanza, after the incense and the lac: the terrace is described entirely by what reaches the nose and the eye

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī“kusumaiḥ surabhiṣu sugandhiṣu”

अध्वखेदम्

अध्वन् · खेद

  1. अध्वना खेदः

    तत्पुरुष (instrumental) — the tiredness the road brings

तत्पुरुष. the weariness of the road — Mallinātha unpacks it with the instrumental, अध्वना, and then says what he means by the road: अध्वगमनेन, the going along it. So the first member is not the road but the travelling, and the compound is cause and effect rather than possession

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī“adhvanādhvagamanena khedaṃ kleśam”

ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

ललित · वनिता · पाद · राग · अङ्कित

  1. ललिताः वनिताः

    कर्मधारय — the women, and they are lovely

  2. पादयोः रागः

    तत्पुरुष (locative) — the red that is on the feet

  3. ललितवनितानां पादरागः

    तत्पुरुष (genitive) — and it is those women's

  4. ललितवनितापादरागेण अङ्कितेषु

    तत्पुरुष (instrumental) — marked by it

तत्पुरुष — it agrees with हर्म्येषु. printed with the red from lovely women's feet — Mallinātha takes it apart in the order the members come: ललितवनिताः सुन्दरस्त्रियः, with the Śabdārṇava behind ललित for 'lovely in all three genders'; then तासां पादरागेण लाक्षारसेन, by their foot-dye, which is lac-juice; then अङ्कितेषु चिह्नितेषु, marked. What is left on the terrace is a floor of red footprints, and the women who made them are gone

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, citing the Śabdārṇava“lalitavanitāḥ sundarastriyaḥ || “lalitaṃ triṣu sundaram” iti śabdārṇave | tāsāṃ pādarāgeṇa lākṣārasenāṅkiteṣu cihniteṣu”

  • √गॄ + क्त, तृतीया बहुवचन instrumental plural

    जालोद्गीर्णैः

    printed जालोद्गीर्णैरुपचितवपुः

    उद्गीर्ण, from उद् + √गॄ

    given up — Mallinātha glosses निर्गतैः, gone out. √गॄ is to swallow, and उद् turns it round: the house takes the smoke in at the censer and hands it back out at the windows

  • us-stem masculine, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    उपचितवपुः

    printed जालोद्गीर्णैरुपचितवपुः

    वपुस्

    body — Mallinātha glosses the compound as परिपुष्टशरीरः and so reads वपुस् as plain शरीर, the body. The cloud is being fed. वपुस् is neuter as a noun and masculine here at the end of a bahuvrīhi describing the cloud — the nominative singular is वपुः in either gender

    उपचितवपुः, “your body thickened,” says the cloud eats. Mallinātha glosses परिपुष्टशरीरः, “of well-fed body,” and reads वपुस् as plain शरीर, the body. What rises off the women's hair — the केशसंस्कारधूप, the scented smoke they dress their hair in — goes up through the lattices and into the cloud, and feeds it. Vedam adds the physics the fancy runs on: only the smoke of these high terraces reaches a cloud lying against them; smoke from the low kitchens below would scatter into the sky and never arrive. वपुस् is neuter as a plain noun and comes out masculine here at the end of the bahuvrīhi, agreeing with the cloud.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.34: upacitavapuḥ paripuṣṭaśarīraḥ | keśasaṃskāradhūpairgandhadravyadhūpaiḥ

  • a-stem masculine, तृतीया बहुवचन instrumental plural

    केशसंस्कारधूपैः

    धूप

    with the incense-smokes — Mallinātha glosses गन्धद्रव्यधूपैः, smoke of scented substances. The instrumental is what does the thickening: the smoke is the cloud's food

  • i-stem feminine, तृतीया एकवचन instrumental singular

    बन्धुप्रीत्या

    प्रीति

    out of fondness — the instrumental of the motive, which is what makes the dancing a gift rather than a habit. Mallinātha reads the fondness as the peacocks' and offers two ways of attaching the kinsman to it

  • in-stem masculine, तृतीया बहुवचन instrumental plural

    भवनशिखिभिः

    printed भवनशिखिभिर्दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः

    शिखिन्

    by the peacocks — Mallinātha glosses मयूरैः. शिखिन् is the crested one, so the word names the bird by the thing on its head, and it is also the word for fire

  • a-stem masculine, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः

    printed भवनशिखिभिर्दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः

    उपहार

    a present — Mallinātha glosses उपायनम् and quotes Amara, who gives four words for the same thing: उपायन, उपग्राह्य, उपहार, उपदा. The page prints the middle member नृत्त्य where Mallinātha and DCS both read नृत्य

    दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः, “made a present of the dancing,” is a bahuvrīhi Mallinātha spells whole: दत्तो नृत्यमेवोपहार उपायनं यस्मै सः, “he to whom the dancing, as a gift, was given.” The word for the gift is उपहार, and Mallinātha quotes Amara's four names for the one thing, उपायन, उपग्राह्य, उपहार, उपदा. The point is दत्त, “given”: the house-peacocks are not paid to dance and not merely in the habit of it — they dance out of बन्धुप्रीति, fondness for a kinsman, so the dance is a present made to a guest, not a hireling's turn.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.34: datto nṛtyamevopahāra upāyanaṃ yasmai sa tathoktaḥ | “upāyanamupagrāhyamupahāropadā” ityamaraḥ

  • a-stem neuter, सप्तमी बहुवचन locative plural

    हर्म्येषु

    printed हर्म्येष्वस्याः

    हर्म्य

    on the terraced houses — Mallinātha glosses धनिकभवनेषु, rich men's houses, which is what the word carries: not a house but a mansion. Everything else in the stanza hangs off this locative

  • pronoun, षष्ठी एकवचन genitive singular

    अस्याः

    printed हर्म्येष्वस्याः

    इदम्

    of this one — and Mallinātha names her: उज्जयिन्याः. इदम् is the pronoun for what is close at hand, which is the right one for a city the cloud is standing over

  • i-stem neuter, सप्तमी बहुवचन locative plural

    कुसुमसुरभिषु

    printed कुसुमसुरभिष्वध्वखेदं

    सुरभि

    sweet-smelling — Mallinātha glosses सुगन्धिषु. सुरभि is fragrance itself and also the cow Surabhi, and as an adjective it declines in whichever gender the thing it describes has. It is an adjective, neuter here with the हर्म्येषु it describes

  • a-stem masculine, द्वितीया एकवचन accusative singular

    अध्वखेदम्

    printed कुसुमसुरभिष्वध्वखेदं

    खेद

    the weariness — Mallinātha glosses क्लेशम्, the distress of it. It is the object of नयेथाः, and the object of a verb of carrying is what gets carried off

  • √नी, class 1, विधिलिङ्, atmanepada, second person singular

    नयेथाः

    printed नयेथा

    √नी

    you are to carry it away — Mallinātha glosses अपनय, drive it off, and so reads नी with the accusative as removal rather than as passing time. The optative is the mood the whole errand is in: the yakṣa asks and never orders

    नयेथाः, “you are to carry it away,” is the verb the whole errand is put in, and Mallinātha reads it as removal: अपनय, “drive it off.” √नी with an accusative can pass time or lead a thing along, but here अध्वखेदम्, “the weariness of the road,” is the object, and to lead weariness away is to be rid of it. Mallinātha unpacks अध्वखेद with the instrumental, अध्वना, “by the road,” and then says what he means by the road, अध्वगमनेन, “by the going along it.” The optative नयेथाः is the mood the cloud is asked in throughout — not an order but a wish laid on a friend.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.34: adhvakhedamadhvanā'dhvagamanena khedaṃ kleśaṃ nayethā apanaya

  • ī-stem feminine, द्वितीया एकवचन accusative singular

    लक्ष्मीम्

    printed लक्ष्मीं

    लक्ष्मी

    the splendour — Mallinātha reads it as the city's, अस्या उज्जयिन्या लक्ष्मीम्. The word is the goddess's name and the ordinary word for a place's beauty at the same time, and the verse is using both. लक्ष्मी is irregular: it is not made with ङीप् and so keeps the स् of the nominative singular, लक्ष्मीः, where a नदी-type stem would drop it

  • √दृश् + शतृ, प्रथमा एकवचन nominative singular

    पश्यन्

    printed पश्यंल्ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

    पश्यत्, from √दृश्

    looking at — the present participle, which holds the looking and the losing of the weariness in one moment: he is not to look and then rest, but to rest by looking. The stem is पश्य, which √दृश् borrows for its present alone — the root itself shows in दृष्ट and in द्रक्ष्यति and never here

    पश्यन्, “looking at,” holds the looking and the losing of the weariness in one moment: the cloud is not to look and then rest, but to rest by looking. Its stem is पश्य-, the present of √दृश्, which shows a stem no letter of the root survives in — दृश् is seen in the past दृष्ट and the future द्रक्ष्यति, but the present borrows पश्य-. What it looks at is लक्ष्मीम्, and the word is the goddess Lakṣmī's name and the plain word for a place's beauty at once; Mallinātha fixes the plain sense, अस्या उज्जयिन्या लक्ष्मीम्, the splendour of this Ujjayinī.

    • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.34: asyā ujjayinyā lakṣmīṃ paśyan

  • √अङ्क् + णिच् + क्त, सप्तमी बहुवचन locative plural

    ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

    printed पश्यंल्ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु

    अङ्कित, from √अङ्क् with णिच्

    marked — Mallinātha glosses चिह्नितेषु. The same participle stood at 1.12, of the mountain marked with Rāma's footprints; here the footprints are women's and the mark is lac rather than stone

जालोद्गीर्णैः · केशसंस्कारधूपैः · उपचितवपुः · बन्धुप्रीत्या · भवनशिखिभिः · दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः · ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु · कुसुमसुरभिषु · अस्याः · हर्म्येषु · लक्ष्मीम् · पश्यन् · अध्वखेदम् · नयेथाः

uncheckedMallinātha, Sañjīvinī, whose commentary is written as anvaya“jālodgīrṇair … keśasaṃskāradhūpaiḥ … upacitavapuḥ … bandhau bandhuriti vā prītyā bhavanaśikhibhir … datto nṛtyamevopahāra … kusumaiḥ surabhiṣu … tāsāṃ pādarāgeṇa … aṅkiteṣu … harmyeṣu … asyā ujjayinyā lakṣmīṃ paśyannadhvanā … khedaṃ … nayethā”

the dependency structure

नयेथाः · क्रिया — you are to carry it away, अपनय; नी with the accusative read as removal, and the optative is the mood the whole errand is asked in

अध्वखेदम् · कर्म — the weariness of the road, क्लेशम्; the object of a verb of carrying is what gets carried off, अध्वना अध्वगमनेन खेदम्

पश्यन् · looking at — the present participle; he is not to look and then rest, but to rest by looking

लक्ष्मीम् · कर्म of पश्यन् — the splendour, अस्या उज्जयिन्या लक्ष्मीम्; the goddess's name and a place's beauty in one word

अस्याः · षष्ठी — of this one, उज्जयिन्याः; इदम्, the pronoun for what is close at hand, right for a city the cloud stands over

हर्म्येषु · अधिकरण — on the terraced houses, धनिकभवनेषु; everything else in the stanza hangs off this locative

कुसुमसुरभिषु · agreeing with हर्म्येषु — sweet with flowers, कुसुमैः सुरभिषु, सुगन्धिषु

ललितवनितापादरागाङ्कितेषु · agreeing with हर्म्येषु — printed with the lac-red off lovely women's feet, चिह्नितेषु

उपचितवपुः · बहुव्रीहि agreeing with the cloud — your body filled out, परिपुष्टशरीरः; the cloud eats smoke

केशसंस्कारधूपैः · करण — with the incense-smokes, गन्धद्रव्यधूपैः; the smoke is the cloud's food

जालोद्गीर्णैः · agreeing with the smokes — given up through the window lattices, गवाक्षमार्गनिर्गतैः

दत्तनृत्त्योपहारः · बहुव्रीहि agreeing with the cloud — made a present of the dancing, दत्तो नृत्यमेवोपहार उपायनं यस्मै सः

भवनशिखिभिः · करण — by the house-peacocks, गृहमयूरैः

बन्धुप्रीत्या · करण by case, हेतु by force — out of fondness for a kinsman; what makes the dancing a gift and not a habit

uncheckedMallinātha’s Sañjīvinī for the anvaya and the reading; the Telugu drawn from Vedam Venkataraya Sastri’s Āndhra Meghasandeśam and the Bālānandinī

Your body filled out by the incense that comes up through their window lattices — the smoke they dress their hair in — and made a present of the house-peacocks' dancing, which they give you out of fondness for a kinsman: on her terraces, sweet with flowers and printed with the lac-red off lovely women's feet, take a look at what Ujjayinī has, and let the weariness of the road go out of you.

uncheckedthe reader's reading, following Mallinātha's gloss

Your body filled out by the incense that comes up through their window lattices — the smoke they dress their hair in — and made a present of the house-peacocks' dancing, which they give you out of fondness for a kinsman: on her terraces, sweet with flowers and printed with the lac-red off lovely women's feet, take a look at what Ujjayinī has, and let the weariness of the road go out of you.

  • Mallinātha, Sañjīvinī — 1.34, whole-verse gloss

No figure is named for this verse by the commentary this reading follows, so none is shown.